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Conclusion.

        For users who would like to improve the interaction part of the CHIPS event generator for their own specific reactions, some advice concerning data presentation is useful.

It is a good idea to use a normalized invariant function $\rho (k)$

\begin{displaymath}
\rho =\frac{2E\cdot d^{3}\sigma }{\sigma _{tot}\cdot d^{3}p}\propto \frac{%
d\sigma }{\sigma _{tot}\cdot pdE},
\end{displaymath}

where $\sigma _{tot}$ is the total cross section of the reaction. The simple rule, then, is to divide the distribution over the hadron energy $E$ by the momentum and by the reaction cross section. The argument $k$ can be calculated for any outgoing hadron or fragment as

\begin{displaymath}
k=\frac{E+p-B\cdot m_{N}}{2},
\end{displaymath}

which is the energy of the primary quark-parton. Because the spectrum of the quark-partons is universal for all the secondary hadrons or fragments, the distributions over this parameter have a similar shape for all the secondaries. They should differ only when the kinematic limits are approached or in the evaporation region. This feature is useful for any analysis of experimental data, independent of the CHIPS model.

Some concluding remarks should be made about the parameters of the model. The main parameter, the critical temperature T$_{c}$, should not be varied. A large set of data confirms the value 180 MeV while from the mass spectrum of hadrons it can be found more precisely as 182 MeV. The clusterization parameter is 4. which is just about 4$\pi /3.$ If the quark exchange starts at the mean distance between baryons in the dense part of the nucleus, then the radius of the clusterization sphere is twice the ''the radius of the space occupied by the baryon''. It gives 8 for the parameter, but the space occupied by the baryon can not be spherical; only cubic subdivision of space is possible so the factor $\pi/6 $ appears. But this is a rough estimate, so 4 or even 5 can be tried. The surface parameter $fD$ varies slightly with $A$, growing from 0 to 0.04. For the present CHIPS version the recommended parameters for low energies are:

A T s/u eta noP fN fD Cp rM sA
Li 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .00 4. 1.0 0.4
Be 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .00 4. 1.0 0.4
C 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .00 4. 1.0 0.4
O 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .02 4. 1.0 0.4
F 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .03 4. 1.0 0.4
Al 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .04 4. 1.0 0.4
Ca 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .04 4. 1.0 0.4
Cu 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .04 4. 1.0 0.4
Ta 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .04 4. 1.0 0.4
U 180. 0.1 0.3 223 .4 .04 4. 1.0 0.4

The vacuum hadronization weight parameter can be bigger for light nuclei and smaller for heavy nuclei, but $1.0$ is a good guess. The s/u parameter is not yet tuned, as it demands strange particle production data. A guess is that if there are as many $u\bar{u}$ and $d\bar{d}$ pairs in the reaction as in the $p\bar{p}$ interaction, the parameter can be 0.1. In other cases it is closer to 0.3 as in other event generators. But it is bestnot to touch any parameters for the first experience with the CHIPS event generator. Only the incident momentum, the PDG code of the projectile, and the CHIPS style PDG code of the target need be changed.


next up previous contents
Next: Status of this document Up: Chiral Invariant Phase Space Previous: Neutrino-nuclear interactions   Contents