The atomic relaxation can be triggered by other electromagnetic interactions such as the photoelectric effect or ionisation, which leave the atom in an excited state.
The Livermore Evaluation Atomic Data Library EADL [1] contains data to describe the relaxation of atoms back to neutrality after they are ionised.
It is assumed that the binding energy of all subshells are the same for neutral ground state atoms as for ionised atoms [1].
The data in EADL includes the radiative and non-radiative transition probabilities for each sub-shell of each element, for Z=1 to 100. The atom has been ionised by a process that has caused an electron to be ejected from an atom, leaving a vacancy or ``hole" in a given subshell. The EADL data are then used to calculate the complete radiative and non-radiative spectrum of X-rays and electrons emitted as the atom relaxes back to neutrality.
Non-radiative de-excitation can occur via the Auger effect (the initial and secondary vacancies are in different shells) or Coster-Kronig effect (transitions within the same shell).
The simulation procedure for the fluorescence process is the following:
with an energy equal to the corresponding binding
energy, and the procedure is terminated.
,
with an energy equal to the transition energy.
The final local energy deposit is the difference between the
binding energy of the initial vacancy subshell and the sum of
all transition energies which were taken by fluorescence photons.
The atom is assumed to be initially ionised with an electric charge of 
.
Sub-shell data are provided in the EADL data bank [1] for Z=1 through 100. However, transition probabilities are only explicitly included for Z=6 through 100, from the subshells of the K, L, M, N shells and some O subshells. For subshells O,P,Q: transition probabilities are negligible (of the order of 0.1%) and smaller than the precision with which they are known. Therefore, for the time being, for Z=1 through 5, only a local energy deposit corresponding to the binding energy B of an electron in the ionised subshell is simulated. For subshells of the O, P, and Q shells, a photon is emitted with that energy B.
The Auger effect is complimentary to fluorescence, hence the simulation process is the same as for the fluorescence, with the exception that two random shells are selected, one for the transition electron that fills the original vacancy, and the other for selecting the shell generating the Auger electron.
Subshell data are provided in the EADL data bank [1]
for 
through 100. Since in EADL no data for elements with 
are
provided, Auger effects are only considered for 
and always due
to the EADL data tables, only for those transitions
which have a probabiliy to occur 
of the total non-radiative transition probability.
EADL probability data used are, however, normalized to one for Fluorescence + Auger.
08.02.2000 created by Véronique Lefébure
08.03.2000 reviewed by Petteri Nieminen and Maria Grazia Pia
05.06.2002 added Auger Effect description by Alfonso Mantero